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本文主要介绍如何将一个前端项目部署到基于nginx或者apache的虚拟机上,介绍如何搭建自己的web服务

虚拟机安装配置

首先是安装虚拟机,安装过程在这里省略,接下来主要介绍虚拟机环境的简单配置,这里使用的是centos7.16

配置虚拟机网卡信息

寻找网卡配置文件目录,并打卡

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
vi ifcfg-ens33

修改网卡配置文件

TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens33
UUID=fe0ce15e-460a-458f-a7ad-bbc1ac41e8cf
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=172.16.6.252
GATEWAY=172.16.6.1
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NM_CONTROLLED=no
DNS=114.114.114.114

配置DNS

cd ../
vi network

添加DNS

DNS1=114.114.114.114
DNS2=8.8.8.8

保存后关闭,重启网卡,就可以正常上网了。

systemctl restart network.service 

查看刚刚配置的虚拟机IP地址

ip addr

关闭防火墙并使防火墙开启22端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=22/tcp –permanent
systemctl restart firewalld.service
systemctl restart firewalld.service

配置yum源

为了使下载依赖包更快,这里配置了yum源为阿里云

yum install -y wget

备份/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo文件

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.back

下载阿里云的Centos-7.repo文件

wget -O CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum clean all
yum makecache

安装iptable 管理防火墙和端口号

先检查是否安装了iptables

service iptables status

如果没有安装iptables

yum install -y iptables
##升级iptables(安装的最新版本则不需要)
yum update iptables 

安装iptables-services

yum install iptables-services
##停止firewalld服务
systemctl stop firewalld
##禁用firewalld服务
systemctl mask firewalld

为虚拟机防火墙增加规则

vi /ect/sysconfig/iptables

##增加规则
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

Apache 安装

使用apache提高HTTP Server,下面是apache的安装命令

sudo yum install httpd
sudo systemctl enable httpd
sudo systemctl start httpd

##启动
sudo aystemctl start httpd.service
sudo service apache2 start

##停止和重启

sudo aystemctl stop httpd.service
sudo aystemctl restart httpd.service

安装完后配置apache的配置文件,配置web服务器

sudo vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

这里只介绍基于名称的虚拟主机配置方式,其他配置方式都很简单,可以在apache的官方文档上直接找到

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/hjyb"
    ServerName www.hjyb.com
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/hjya"
    ServerName www.hjya.com
</VirtualHost>

配置完毕后重启apache服务

service httpd restart


安装Mariadb

有人会问为什么不是mysql,MariaDB是MySQL源代码的一个分支,在意识到Oracle会对MySQL许可做什么后分离了出来(MySQL先后被Sun、Oracle收购)。除了作为一个Mysql的“向下替代品”,MariaDB包括的一些新特性使它优于MySQL。

下面是安装命令

yum install mariadb mariadb-service
systemctl start mariadb.service

如果发现重启不了

yum search mariadb
yum install mariadb-bench mariadb-devel mariadb-embedded mariadb-embedded-devel mariadb-libs mariadb-server mariadb mariadb-test

systemctl start mariadb.service

使用navicat连接数据库,如果发现连接不上,是因为centOS7默认是阻止3306端口

安装rar解压rar

wget http://www.rarlab.com/rar/rarlinux-x64-5.3.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf rarlinux-x64-5.3.0.tar.gz
cd rar
make

#解压
#rar x text.rar
#rar test.rar ./test /将test目录打包为test.rar

安装nginx

安装nginx搭建静态服务器,配置代理。

安装CentOS编译环境

yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make
yum install gcc gcc-c++

选定源码目录

cd /usr/local/src

安装PCRE库

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.38.tar.gz
tar -zxvf pcre-8.38.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.38
./configure
make
make install

安装zlib库

wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
tar –zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.11
./configure
make
make install

安装ssl

wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1t.tar.gz
tar –zxvf opensll-1.0.1t.tar.gz

安装nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.4.2

./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx \
--conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf \
--pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.38 \
--with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.11 \
--with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.1t

make
make install

nginx启用

sudo /usr/local/nginx/nginx

如果提示一下信息

nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()

说明80端口被占用

netstat –antp
修改nginx启动端口 vim /etc/local/nginx/nginx.conf
Server里的listen

/usr/local/nginx/nginx

查看nginx是否运行成功

nginx 停止命令

ps aux|grep nginx
kill –INT nginx进程号 快速停止nginx服务
kill –HUP nginx 进程号(不重启nginx,软关闭)
./nginx/nginx –s reload

kill –QUIT nginx主进程号 优雅的关闭
kill -9 nginx主进程号
kill –HUP `cat logs/nginx.pid`

nginx虚拟主机配置方法

#基于域名
server {
    listen  8002;
    server_name z.com;

    location / {
            root z.com;
            index index.html;
    }
}

#基于端口
server {
    listen 2002;
    server_name z.com;

    location / {
            root /var/www/test;
            index index.html;
    }
access_log logs/z.com.aceesss.log main;

}
#基于IP 
server {
    listen 8004;
    server_name 172.16.42.206;

    location / {
            root html/ip;
            index index.html;
    }
}

#修改默认端口
server {
    listen       8001;
    server_name  localhost;
    location / {
        root   html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   html;
    }
}

#配置反向代理
server {
    listen 80;
    root /var/www/html/hjyb;
    index index.html;

    server_name 172.16.42.206;

    location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
    }

    location /api/ {
            proxy_redirect off;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_pass http://172.16.42.206:7001/;
    }
}

配置完nginx,web服务器就搭建完毕了,接下来就可以将前端打包好的代码扔到nginx的root配置的目录下就行了


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